Patients we have learnt about publicly thru various public sources "The life of the dead is placed in the memory of the living" Marcus Tulliuis Cicaro The first known patient death at the asylum Eliza Gorman Age: 31 Birth Year: 1833 Death Date: 13th January 1865, Woogaroo Lunatic Asylum Arrival Date: 20 Nov 1864 Queensland, Australia, on the Fiery Star Eliza Gorman was a young Irish woman who had been committed as a lunatic from the South Brisbane immigration depot in February 1864. Fellow passengers on her ship said she had been placed under restraint on the ship that brought her to Australia for her ‘exceedingly violent behaviour’. The warden at the depot gave similar evidence, and they committed Eliza. She was among the group brought down to the new asylum, but she died the following day. The cause of death was said to be ‘gradual decay’, but she was described as having been in a state of ‘profound melancholy when admitted’. Susan Shrimpton 1880–1954 BIRTH 4 AUG 1880 • Nanamy Station, Forbes, NSW DEATH 8 DEC 1954 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland Johanna Rice 1861–1894 BIRTH 1861 • Ballinvally, Carlow, Ireland DEATH 21 MAY 1894 • Wacol, Brisbane Region, Queensland Burial of Johanna BARTLETT, with her Brother John Rice, and her daughter, [May] Mary Josephine Bartlett, all buried together, at Ipswich General Cemetery - Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. Death of Mary Josephine BARTLETT (24 June 1894, died as an babay infant) Ephraim Robert Claude Brooke 1881–1943 BIRTH 25 JULY 1881 • Normanby, Taranaki, New Zealand DEATH 16 MAY 1943 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia. Admission to Goodna Mental Asylum 13 December 1925 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia. Qld State Archive Item ID1384872 Declared Mentally Incapacitated 13 December 1925 • Qld State Archive Queensland State Archives Item ID1384872, Insanity file Death 16 May 1943 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia. Cause of death listed as cardiac failure and myocardial degeneration. Buried on 18 May 1943 in Lutwyche Cemetery Margretta Elizabeth Wagner 1865–1954 BIRTH 11/9/1865 • London, Middlesex, England DEATH 12/8/1954 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna Ellen Sophie Kruck 1843–1943 BIRTH 11 FEB 1843 • South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia DEATH 31 JAN 1943 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Remembering Randall Carrington involuntary patient in Wolston Park Mental Hospital in 1970s. Randall Carrington Randall Scott Carrington was first admitted as an involuntary patient into Lowson House Mental Ward, Brisbane Hospital, on 16/06/1978, aged 17. After five weeks, he was admitted as an involuntary patient under the 1974 Mental Health Act for a year and transferred to Wolston Park Mental Hospital. Initially, staff placed him in McDonnell House. After a few weeks, he was transferred to Pearce House, a brutal, locked ward for convicted violent offenders. John Milfull 1876–1948 Birth: JUL 1876 • Cleator Moor, Cumberland, England Death: 22 MAY 1948 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Herbert Dyer 1883–1947 Birth 1883 • Marrickville NSW Death 15 OCT 1947 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, QLD Charles Wesley Round 1867–1920 Birth: 25 AUG 1867 • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Death: 17 JAN 1920 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia John Devine 1879–1955 Birth : 7 MAR 1879 • Baskinagh, Athboy, County Meath, Ireland Death 7 APR 1955 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Elizabeth Matilda Parish 1852–1934 Birth 1852 • Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Death 02 JAN 1934 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, Qld Harriott Pikett 1843–1922 Birth: 8 OCT 1843 • Camberwell, Norfolk, England Death: 3 AUG 1922 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Sarah Ann Mace 1868–1941 Birth 1 NOV 1868 • Bonshaw Station, Tenterfield, N S W Death 29 JUNE 1941 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Qld. Aust James Scorgie 1862–1923 Birth 20 MAR 1862 • Buckie, Banffshire, Scotland Death 12 APR 1923 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Alfred Francis "Curly" Chandler 1883–1964 Birth: 2 DEC 1883 • Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Death: 12 DEC 1964 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Queensland, Australia William Henry Henderson 1889–1953 Birth 25 JAN 1889 • Mackay, , Queensland, Australia Death 15 OCT 1953 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Queensland, Australia Emily Isabella Cannell 1856–1947 Birth MAR 1856 • Liverpool, Lancashire, England Death 26 JULY 1947 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Edward Joseph Weston 1855–1926 Birth AB 1855 • Suffolk, England Death 22 FEBRUARY 1926 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Qld, Australia Edward Joseph Weston 1855–1926 Birth AB 1855 • Suffolk, England Death 22 FEBRUARY 1926 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Qld, Australia Mary Jane Rush 1851–1930 Birth 1851 • St George, Queensland, Australia Death 3 SEP 1930 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Matilda Greinke 1880–1961 Birth 23 DEC 1880 • Kaschnitz, Pommern, Prussia Death 19 MAY 1961 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Catherine (Kate)Kathleen Boyce 1856–1929 Birth 1856 • Beechworth, Victoria, Australia Death 21 MARCH 1929 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Alfred Jonathan Runham 1851–1938 Birth 6 APR 1851 • Sawston, Cambridgeshire, England Death 26 DEC 1938 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Queensland, Australia Thomas Auton 1885–1936 Birth 1885 • New Plymouth, New Zealand Death 5 MAY 1936 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Frederiche Wilhelmine Auguste Zellmere 1851–1919 Birth 1851 • Neu Larzig, Dramburg, Pomerania, Germany Death 25 DEC 1919 • mental, hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Percy Young 1876–1950 Birth 01 JUN 1876 • Birmingham, Warwickshire, England Death 31 MAR 1950 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna John (Jack) Burrows 1896–1956 Birth ABT. 1896 • Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Death 21 JUN 1956 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia James Madden 1855–1936 Birth 11 MAY 1855 • Jamberoo, New South Wales, Australia Death 10 OCTOBER 1936 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland Joseph McLean 1858–1943 Birth 1858 • Lostwithiel. St Winnow, Cornwall, England Death 16 OCT 1943 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Janet Kerr Barclay 1874–1928 Birth SEP 29, 1874, • Kilbirnie, Ayrshire, Scotland, Death MAY 16, 1928, • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Eva Mary Douglas 1872–1948 Birth ABT. JUN 1872 • Pancras, London, England, Death 7 OCT 1948 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Irvine Crain 1834–1919 Birth 08 SEP 1834 • Corkill, Kilskeery Parish, County Tyrone, Ulster Nth Ireland Death 5 DEC 1919 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Eileen Fysh 1834–1958 Birth 05 SEPT 1899 • Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Death 3 MAY 1958 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Martha Helena Gunzler DEATH 18/12/1953 Martha was admitted to Goodna Asylum in September for 'having a weak intellect and being troublesome at times' in September 1915. She was transferred to Toowoomba Mental Hospital in 1918, where she remained until her death. Anna Marie Karoline Meier 1887–1928 Birth: 25 JAN 1887 • Mt Beppo, Queensland, Australia Death: 9 MAY 1928 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Lillian Sherman Markwell 1874–1936 Birth: 16 SEP 1874 • Slacks Creek, Logan River, Queensland, Australia. Death 01 NOV 1936 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Queensland, Australia Eva Emily Percival 1904–1922 Birth: 6 MAY 1904 • Ayr, Burdekin Shire, Queensland, Australia Death 16 OCTOBER 1922 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Andrew Clanachan 1858–1934 Birth 11 DEC 1858 • Kirkcowan, Wigtownshire, Scotland Death 26 JUL 1934 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Qld, Aus Mary Hannah D'Arcy 1881–1958 Birth: 12 JAN 1881 • Auckland St, Bega, New South Wales, Australia Death 6 MAY 1958 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland Mary Jane Tucker 1869–1952 Birth: 17 MAR 1869 • North Pine, Queensland, Australia Death 07 JUL 1952 • Goodna Mental Hospital Goodna, Queensland, Australia Eliza Arberry 1862–1945 Birth: 9 AUG 1862 • 5 Lower College St, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England Death: 6 AUG 1945 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia James Bryan 1862–1935 Birth 1862 • Clogher, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland Death 29 OCT 1935 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Qld, Australia Hugh Alexander Ellis 1888–1962 Birth: 08 MAY 1888 • Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Death: 14 SEP 1962 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Queensland, Australia Denis Gregan Dillon 1866–1931 Birth SEPT 1866 • Kinard, Limerick, Ireland Death 7 JUL 1931 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Queensland Elsie Myra Lewis 1910–1967 Birth 27 APRIL 1910 • Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Death OCT 20, 1967, • Goodna Mental Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Edward Joseph Weston 1855–1926 Birth AB 1855 • Suffolk, England Death 22 FEBRUARY 1926 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Qld, Australia William John Forsyth 1895–1935 Birth 30 JAN 1895 • Fassifern Valley, Queensland, Australia Death 17 JAN 1935 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia Frances Helen Wooroolah O'Donahoo 1910–1946 Birth 31 JAN 1910 • Blackall, Queensland. Australia Death 9 DEC 1946 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia George Stenhouse 1872–1949 Birth 9 DEC 1872 • Channelkirk, Berwickshire, Scotland Death 4 FEB 1949 • Goodna Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Oda William Atkins 1887–1963 Birth 1 NOV 1887 • Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia Death 17 JUN 1963 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Harold Sheppard 1891–1935 Birth 13 DEC 1891 • Quay Street, Bulimba, Queensland, Australia Death 20 MAY 1935 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia George James Benham 1830–1902 Birth 19TH SEPTEMBER 1830 • Baptised Parish of Hinton Ampner, Hampshire on 19 Sep 1830 Death 4 AUG 1902 • Died stroke, Goodna Mental Hospital John Moffat Young 1861–1941 Birth 12 MAY 1861 • Milton, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland Death 31 MAY 1941 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland, Australia John Henry Grisinger 1889–1955 Birth 20 JUL 1889 • Bogambil near Lismore, New South Wales, Australia Death 9 MAY 1955 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, New South Wales, Australia Charlotte Fox 1849–1938 Birth 15 SEP 1849 • Nag's Head Hill, Clifton St George, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England Death 26 SEP 1938 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Victor Ernest Henry White 1896–1948 Birth 22 JULY 1896 • Boundary Street, Spring Hill, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Death 15 AUGUST 1948 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia John Frederick "Joseph Hugh" Bebb Barry 1870–1956 Birth 19 JUL 1870 • Mortlake, Surrey, London, England Death 29 AUG 1956 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Blanche Hilda HANSEN 1905–1942 Birth 16 JUN 1905 • Limestone Creek, Yeppoon, Queensland Death 27 AUG 1942 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Queensland Mary Jane Crain (Fletcher) 1864–1943 Birth 14 JAN 1864 • Araluen, New South Wales, Australia Death 12 JUL 1943 • Brisbane Mental Hospital, Goodna, Brisbane, Queensland James Garrad 1887–1925 Birth 6 MAR 1887 • Hope Island, Logan, Queensland, Australia Death 26 SEP 1925 • Mental Hospital, Goodna, Qld Cecilia Kelly 1876–1939 Birth 7 OCT 1876 • Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Death 4 NOV 1939 • Mental Hospital, Goodna. Aged 63 Years. Dulcie May Lake (nee Swindell) Dulcie May Lake (nee Swindell) Click to view Letter Click to view Letter to the Governor of Queensland from the Home Secretary's Office, Brisbane, providing information on the cases of members of the Australian Imperial Forces who have been admitted to Goodna Asylum. Dated 9th January 1917 Click to view Click to view Click to view Here we see the 1904 inquiry into the death of patient Thomas Ireland. Who drowned in a body of water at the former quarry located out the back of the Asylum. He was buried at the cemetery site no 2 Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Admission notice and medical reports for Carl Anderson or Andersen from Denmark, who was discovered wandering in Beaudesert. Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Courtesy of the Queensland State Archives here we see a patient file from the year 1900 of john Softley Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Patient David Nolan Born: 1841, Cashel, Tipperary, Ireland Died: 6 July 1898, Woogaroo Asylum – Mania & Exhaustion Magisterial Inquiry held at Woogaroo Asylum, 7 July 1898, by W Yaldwyn PM Buried 8 July 1898, Asylum Cemetery 2 Great Grandpa David Nolan was born in County Tipperary in 1841 to Edmond Nolan and Catherine Morrissey, one of four known children. David was baptised in the Roman Catholic faith in the Parish of Cashel on 16 May 1841. In 1877, David boarded the brand-new immigration ship, Saraca, bound for Maryborough, one of 275 Assisted Passengers. The Saraca departed Greenock, Scotland, on 18 Aug 1877 and arrived in Maryborough on 14 December 1877. On 22-Nov-1882, David married Bridget Hogan, an Irish immigrant who had arrived just 5 months prior, in St Mary's Church, Maryborough, according to the rites of the Church of Rome. David worked for the Queensland Government Railways, according to the Staff records—the earliest known record dates to 1889, as a Labourer. The 1892 Staff record shows he was a lengthsmen. David & Bridget had six children before Bridget died on 14 Sep 1892, just 9 months after the birth of their 6th child. Great Grandpa Nolan then married another young Irish Immigrant, Eliza Tinkler, on 9 July 1893, again at St Mary’s Church, Maryborough. David and Eliza had three children: Alice Margaret, born 19 Jun 1894 and died 1 Jul 1894; and Lizzie, my grandmother, born 17 Sep 1895 and died 3 Apr 1980. Their 3rd Child, William John, was born on 20-Jun-1898 whilst his father was in Woogaroo Asylum and died on 13 Mar 1899. David was committed to Woogaroo Asylum on 23 June 1898 and died, just 2 weeks later, on 6 Jul 1898 of Mania and exhaustion. Woogaroo Asylum contacted Eliza to request a contribution toward the maintenance of our David whilst in their care. The letter she wrote in return says, “Sir, referring to your letter of 26th October, my husband David Nolan has no property of any kind. He has no relations in Queensland. He left eight children, including an eight-month-old infant. The oldest boy is only fifteen. I cannot earn sufficient income to purchase food for my children. I am relying on the Government for housing because my husband was a lengthsman on the railway line. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your Obedient Servant, Mrs D Nolan. An article in the Maryborough Chronicle on Friday, 24 March 1899, advertises “A social and dance will be held in the Hibernian Hall on Easter Monday night, under the auspices of the HACB Society and in aid of the widow and orphans of Late D. NOLAN”. I cannot begin to imagine what it was like for Eliza and the children at the turn of the 19th and the start of the 20th Century. Times were tough for a lone woman. So different to our lifestyle now! Life improved for Eliza, who married Andrew Jessen, a widower with 14 children (yes, I said our Eliza was excellent) in 1900 and lived a happy life bearing him three children. I have not found any record of a grave marker for David Nolan in the relocated Goodna Cemetery Click to view Click to view Click to view Patient John Cook Till John Cook Till was a Pearl Trader, Gunrunner to French New Caledonia, and supplier of indentured labour from Vanuatu and elsewhere. He lived on Middle Percy Island 1860/80s. He went to Brisbane for medical treatment for Flu-like symptoms. Then spent the last 25 years of his life, from 1887 to 1912, at Goodna Asylum. He was a Master Seaman. He was also a person of interest to the French and British Governments. Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Patient Robert Mandy Edols Robert Edols was admitted to the asylum in May 1894, aged 29 and died there on 21st May 1940, aged 75. Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Eliza Jaccard late of Rockhampton, aged 11 years, of epilepsy Birth 1878 • Switzerland Death 25 May 1889 • Goodna, Queensland, Australia Brisbane Mental Hospital, Wednesday 10 March 1886 An inquiry was also commenced on Friday Last by sub-committees appointed by the committees of the Rockhampton Benevolent Society and the Port Curtis and Leichhardt Districts Hospital for ascertaining if there was any truth in the charge made verbally by Dr Macdonald against the matron of the Children's Hospital. It seems the doctor told that lady, a Mrs Mills, that she had ill-treated a child named Eliza Jaccard, and that he would no longer permit it. She wrote to the society's committee, by which she was appointed, demanding an investigation. Dr Macdonald was examined and cross-examined at great length, The substance of his evidence was this:-"At 4 o'clock one morning I was lying in my bed in my residence, which is fifty yards distant from the Children's Hospital, and heard smacks; a child, Eliza Jaccard, screamed, and I heard Mrs Mills call her a dirty brute, and a dirty beast; I saw the child, too, on two occasions, tied up to the lattice with a cloth; she was partly suspended in this way, the band being around her waist." Mr Henry Jones, who was vice president of the Port Curtis Hospital when the alleged brutality took place, was also examined, and he declared that when he saw the girl on the day following the castigation, there were no marks save a few pimples on her. He also stated that she was an idiot and that, when he endeavoured to pat her head, she shrank back and howled. The inquiry was not concluded on Friday, and when the ladies and gentlemen met on Monday to continue it, they were presented with a letter signed by Dr Macdonald and several employees at the General Hospital, stating that the matron had been intoxicated the previous day and that the doctor had to discharge her. The visitors' book was produced, and it contained a memorandum signed by the police magistrate and the mining registrar, corroborating these assertions. A motion was then passed in favour of discontinuing the hearing of evidence as to the charge of cruelty, it being the opinion of all the members of the committee that there was no need for further prosecuting the investigation, as the matron, who had demanded it, was absent. The position of the Children's Hospital was then discussed, and it was decided to recommend that the named institutional committees take steps to place it on an independent basis under the management of an independent committee. Other matters of detail were arranged, and the proceedings terminated. Wikitree Biography (Information sourced from Family Tree research, compiled by Erica Knox, nee Goltz) All that I know of my mother’s maternal grandmother was that she died in Switzerland, survived by her husband and three little daughters. Her husband (Mum’s grandfather, Albert Jules Jaccard) was born in 1849 and emigrated from Switzerland as a widower with the three little girls. The eldest was Marguerite (known as Maggie), then Matilda Emma (known as Tilly - Mum’s mother) and their little sister, Eliza. Matilda’s marriage certificate gives her birthplace as St Croix, Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Sadly, Eliza died as a child. Mum had always believed that she died as a result of eating poisonous berries. I located her name, written as “Glisa”, as well as those of Albert, Matilda and Marguerite, as passengers on a ship from England, the “Merkara”, owned by the British East India Company, which left Plymouth, England, in March 1883 and arrived at Cooktown about 11 th May 1883, then sailed on to Townsville. I seem to remember hearing (probably from my cousin Ivan) that a son, Paul, had previously died in Switzerland. I was anxious to unravel the mystery surrounding Eliza’s fate and originally thought that her name was either “Glian” or “Glisa” as that was how it was recorded on the Merkara’s passenger list. I had been unable to find any record of the death of either Glisa Jaccard or Glian Jaccard in Queensland, but there is a record in the Queensland Police Gazette 1889 of an Eliza Jaccard who died of epilepsy at Woogaroo Asylum in Goodna, in 1889 (parents unnamed). At this stage, I thought Eliza’s name was “Glian” or “Glisa”, and although the name “Eliza” was different, I had a gut feeling about it. Perhaps there might have been a case of mistaken handwriting on the Merkara’s passenger list, and “Glisa” and “Glian” were recorded instead of “Eliza”? A record in the Queensland Register of Births, Deaths and Marriages shows that Eliza Jaccard (parents unnamed) died in 1889, was born in Switzerland, and was aged 11 years. “Glian” Jaccard, listed as a passenger on the Merkara, was said to have been born “about 1879”, aged ten or 11 in 1889. The Australia Death Index lists Eliza’s date of death as 25 th May 1989. The article at right appeared in the Brisbane Courier Mail on 10 th March 1886. If the Eliza Jaccard referred to was my great-aunt, her short life was indeed tragic. She was only a child when her mother died, and she was subjected to unspeakable treatment at the hands of the matron of the Children’s Hospital, and then died in a mental asylum in 1889 at the age of eleven. I later found a report in The Morning Bulletin dated 2 nd March 1886 regarding the ill-treatment of Eliza Jaccard whilst a patient at the Children’s Hospital in Rockhampton. It included the following passage: “She is the daughter of a blacksmith who works at the Central Queensland Meat Export Company's Works, and the disease from which she suffered was caused by eating berries of some kind; she is subject to fits”. There was no longer any doubt that the ill-fated Eliza was the daughter of Albert Jules Jaccard Grandma Hill had told her children that her sister died from eating poison berries. Many years later, Ivan Williams (Rita’s son) did a lot of work on the family history, well before we had the benefits of computers and the internet. He was unable to find any mention of Eliza arriving in Australia with the rest of the family and wondered if she had died on the voyage and been buried at sea. Mum then wondered if Grandma had mentioned the poison berries to frighten her children about eating such things. Now we know that Eliza did indeed eat the berries. It must have been so difficult for Albert Jaccard, a single parent who had to work to support his children, and would have had no one to help him and give Eliza the care that she needed. She was eventually transferred from the Children’s Hospital in Rockhampton to the Woogooroo Asylum, so far away from her family, where she died alone in such tragic circumstances. The inquest into Eliza’s death recorded that she was transferred to the Asylum from Rockhampton in December 1886, aged eight. After we had discovered what happened to Eliza, Katie made some phone calls and found out that Eliza was buried at the Woogooroo Asylum, but from 1945 to 1950, 200 bodies were exhumed and transferred to Goodna General Cemetery, where a memorial wall has been erected. We were told that it was possible to have a plaque made and erected on the wall, so Katie and I had one done. In June 2018, Kevin, Katie and I had a holiday at the Scenic Rim and on our way home, we called at the Goodna Cemetery to see the plaque and pay our respects. It was a very sombre place, but we were pleased that we had recorded Eliza’s name. There were very few plaques on the wall. Memorial Plaque at Goodna Cemetery Click here Inquiry Paperwork Click here Click here Click here Click here Click here Click to view Click here Miscellaneous Files Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Remembering the South Sea Islanders at Woogaroo Lunatic Asylum

Recreation Hall Built in 1890 The recreation hall was built in 1890 and extended in 1913 and 1972. The 1877 Royal Commission recommended an amusement room, but it was not until 1889 that plans were prepared for a Works and Recreation Room. The building comprised a large workroom, two retiring rooms, a dining room and stores. During the day, female patients used the recreation hall as a sewing room, and it was also available for dances, concerts, or church services, which were to be a regular feature and had previously been held in the wards. By 1912, the recreation hall was equipped with a gramophone, billiard table, bagatelle tables and a piano. In 1920, four additional WCs were installed, and two new doorways were added, providing access to the stores. The doors from the stores to the verandah were blocked up. The recreation hall was remodelled in 1972. Chronology: 1890: Construction commenced 1912: Extensions (stage, dressing room, and toilets) 1914: Fireproof room for cinema operator 1920: Additional toilets 1972: Major additions and renovations Planned additions and extensions. Click to view Earliest photo known of the hall taken in 1907 Click to view Recreation Hall in the late 1950s Click to view Front Click to view Front Side Click to view Front stair entrance Click to view Entrance Click to view Rear stage Click to view Stage Click to view Stage with the piano Click to view New stage when built in 1914 Click to view Entrance Click to view Entrance Click to view Entrance Click to view Entrance Click to view Entrance Click to view Window at entrance Click to view Elevation rose window with tracery and coloured glass (probably 1890 fabric reused) Click to view Elevation rose window with tracery and coloured glass (probably 1890 fabric reused) Click to view Awning Click to view Rear Click to view Today 2024 Click to view Looking towards from Ellerton Dr Click to view Ventilation Shaft Click to view Underneath the stage Click to view

The research shared on this page is from former patient Debbie Manson Asylum Deaths from 1860 to 1945 Records taken from Patient Case Notes at State Archives Qld. The hospital opened on 12th January 1865. The patient’s death records, which have no location of burial, are listed as being buried at one of the three hospital cemeteries out of respect. The following patient names are recorded from Patient Case Notes at the State Archives. To date, 14/01/2025, that is, case books A, B, and E. Coroner's Reports (Reports and No Reports), State Archives, all 25,910 pages. Also sourced from MyHeritage.com, Trove Newspaper Articles and The 934 Theiss. Due to there being NO OFFICIAL record of the headstone with the patient's name, I have listed their deaths in order of recorded deaths. Updated on 24/06/2025 Updated on 24/06/2025 State Archives Admissions Register Wolston Park Hospital Case Book "A" Admissions 05/11/1860 till 19/09/1922 Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view State Archives Admissions Register Wolston Park Hospital Case Book "B" Case Books Male and Female Admissions 13 November 1860 till 19th September 1922 Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view State Archives Admissions Register Wolston Park Hospital Case Book "C" Recorded directly from the Case Book at the State Archives on 10/09/2024. Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view

Dawson House Built-in 1944 In August 1938, the medical superintendent, Dr Stafford, invited an architect. EA Godfrey from the Works Department was invited to visit the site and discuss plans, indicating the medical superintendent's involvement in the planning process. By June 1939, Dr Stafford reported that it was imperative to build the new ward, as 328 female patients were living in improvised or unsuitable accommodation, such as beds in corridors, alcoves, and between existing beds. The 641 female patients in the Institution were more than twice its normal capacity. The building differed from others as it was to provide, in addition to accommodation for 60 patients, facilities for Intensive psychiatric treatment. The site was selected to complete a regular layout of the female division. Dawson House was numbered Female Patient Acute Ward 4 and was named after Professor William Siegfried Dawson, a pioneer of psychiatry at the University of Sydney. The building is a substantial two-storey building with a basement, built into the steep slope at the northern end of the Female Patients Area. Purposely designed as an acute ward for female patients, the building reflects the principles of Mental Hygiene in its design and layout. In 2020, it is used as a mental health training and research centre and is highly intact. The building has its main front (south) entrance on the ground floor and a rear (north) entrance on the basement level, and retains its open, semi-formal garden setting. Later additions and alterations, including stairwells (1965) at the northern ends of the wings, the air-conditioning plant and ducting, non-original interior partitions that enclose and divide former open spaces, and fire doors, are not of state-level cultural heritage significance. Chronology 1944: construction 1965: fire escapes added 1967: landscaping to the rear yard 1968: alterations for acute physical treatment wards 1972: remodelling of wards Research Note: This was the first building to reflect medical superintendent Dr Basil Stafford's modern ideas. Dawson House was a new female building completed in 1944. It provided accommodation for 60 patients and was located on a sloping site close to the existing female wards. It was recognised that a building with a basement could be built on such topography, with the basement accommodating treatment rooms for cardiazol therapy, insulin therapy, malaria therapy, somnifaine or continuous narcosis therapy and other medical treatments. The most striking difference was the minimal attention paid to the external environment; this building was inward-looking, signalling the decline in the significance placed on the environment in 'moral treatment' and the increasing medicalisation of mental health treatment. Day rear Click to view Rear side Click to view Front night Click to view Day side Click to view Tree at rear Click to view Window bar grille Click to view Window bar grille Click to view Inside Click to view Side night bar grilles Click to view Front side Click to view Rear night Click to view Lift and stairwell Click to view Old window Click to view Prior to renovations in early 2000s when abandoned Click to view Prior to renovations in early 2000s when abandoned Click to view Prior to renovations in early 2000s when abandoned Click to view In the roof of Dawson house Click to view 1988 private collection Click to view 1988 private collection Click to view 1988 private collection Click to view 1988 private collection Click to view 1988 private collection Click to view 1988 private collection Click to view private collection Click to view

Magdalen Asylum Magdalen Asylum, in Wooloowin, was operated by the Order of the Sisters of Mercy. It opened in 1889 as a home for unmarried mothers, disabled girls and infants. It ceased operating as a home for very young children in 1959. From 1974, it no longer cared for children but provided continuing care for physically and intellectually disabled persons and single mothers. In 1978, its function changed to a centre for people with intellectual and physical disabilities, and it was renamed Mercy Centre. Mother Mary Vincent was instrumental in the establishment when she came to Queensland from Ireland in 1861. Archbishop Dr Dunne laid the foundation stone on Sunday, 22nd April 1888 . The Holy Cross Retreat opened on 13th October 1889, when Governor Sir Henry Norman opened it. The asylum was a haven for destitute women (usually 'fallen' or with children out of wedlock) and, in common with most similar institutions, employed the women in laundry work in the running of the institution. Holy Cross Retreat was licensed in 1895 under the Orphanages Act 1879, then under the State Children Act 1911. It was licensed again under the Children's Services Act 1965. In 1977, the dormitory building and kitchen wing were demolished, but the steam laundry was maintained as a sheltered workshop for intellectually handicapped women and men. Today, all that remains from those days is the laundry building and the church on site. Former Names Magdalen Asylum, Wooloowin Holy Cross Magdalen Asylum, Wooloowin Holy Cross Retreat and Infants Home 1895 map Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view

Goodna Cemetery The New South Wales Government proclaimed Goodna Cemetery as a Cemetery in 1859. The earliest tombstone dates back to 1864, but the first recorded burial did not occur until 1873. In the 1940s, bodies of former patients were exhumed and relocated to the Goodna Cemetery. In 1970, the remaining headstones at the Asylum were also transferred to the Goodna Cemetery. In 2024, more headstones were found among vegetation away from the current location and were moved to the area where the current headstones are grouped. At one point, several of the original metal grave-number indicators from the original cemetery were collected and grouped to commemorate the patients. Goodna Cemetery, Woogaroo Asylum Memorial List Tuesday 18 May 1869 Asylum possibility for interments at Goodna Cemetery Click to view September 1865 Kearsey Cannan Superintendent & Matthew Googs who owns Wolston House appointed Trustess Click to view Picture Ipswich taken in 1991, we see where originally the grave markers from number “3” cemetery were located at the Goodna cemetery before moving to where they are today, all together down the back corner Click to view Click to view Click to view Heritage documents for The Park have noted this in their endnotes, so I decided to follow up on this document for its relation to the Asylum. Still, all I could see were the familiar names of the first Medical Superintendent and asylum designer, Kersey Cannan and former Wolston House owner, Matthew Goggs. Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Site today being maintained and cleaned the former patients are being looked after by a former Wolston Park Patient and volunteers Front View Click to view 1/2 Sections Click to view 1/2 Sections Click to view Lost headstones found in 2024 Click to view Lost headstones found in 2024 Click to view Lost headstones found in 2024 that were found dumped Click to view Lost headstone found in 2024 Click to view Lost headstones found in 2024 Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Memorial Plaque Click to view Sr M Agatha Stoutte Click to view Louis Hugonin Click to view Louis Hugonin Click to view

Ellerton House Opened in the 1960s An eye-catching building, it is named in honour of former inspector and medical superintendent Dr Henry Ellerton. Opened in the 1960s, Ellerton House was used to care for patients with psychogeriatric and dementia conditions. It was decommissioned by the time of the broader Wolston Park Hospital closure in 2000 and later demolished. More to come soon

Chapel of Hope Chapel - The Resurrection, Chapel - St Dympna, Chapel - Christ the King Built-in 1961 The three chapels were erected in 1961 and were similar in design and construction. The Resurrection Chapel (WP 14 A) was erected for Protestant denominations; St Dympha (WP 14 B) for the Roman Catholic, and the Christ of King (WP 14 C) as the Anglican chapel. From an early period, clergy visited the institution to conduct religious services. These visits were encouraged and welcomed, but the government provided no special facilities. Services were held in whatever space was available, and when the recreation hall was built, visiting clergymen regularly used it for services. In English asylums, chapels were considered a standard part of the infrastructure. No attempt was made, however, to build a chapel or chapels at the Goodna asylum. With the constant problem of overcrowding, constructing additional ward accommodation was always a priority. A special building for religious services was a luxury. Moreover, in colonial Queensland, with no established church and a climate of denominationalism. Given the rivalry and sensitivity, building only one chapel would not have been possible. Clergy continued to visit the institution and conduct religious services until the appointment of three full-time chaplains in 1959 to the Brisbane Mental Hospital. To support the clergy in conducting services and counselling patients, three chapels were erected in 1961. The Anglican Chapel was named the Chapel of Christ the King, the Catholic Church was named St Dymphna in honour of the Catholic Patron Saint of the mentally ill, and the third chapel, conducted by the Council of Churches, was the Chapel of Hope (later renamed the Chapel of Resurrection). 66 The chapels were similar in design, being simple box-like structures with low-pitched roofs and floor-to-ceiling windows on the two principal sides. The chapels were arranged in a semi-circle pattern. The Resurrection Chapel was severely damaged by fire in early 1995. Located at the eastern end of Cricket Lane is the Chapel of Hope. Built as a Christian chapel for patients, it is the sole survivor of three similar chapels of different Christian denominations, erected side by side (the Chapel of Hope was the westernmost). In 2020, it was converted into an office building, and its exterior cladding was replaced. The building has been semi-integrated with a new building built on its western side. The interior was not inspected. A statue of Saint Dymphna (the Catholic patron saint of people with mental illness) stands approximately 35 metres east of the chapel, the corresponding chapel having been demolished. Chapel being built in 1961 Click to view Chapel being built in 1961 Click to view Chapel in 1962 Click to view Chapel in 1962 Click to view Chapels in 1995 Click to view Chapels in 1995 Click to view Chapel Commoration Cairn 2023 Click to view Statue of St Dymphna 2023 Click to view The Statue of Saint Dymphna amongst the stars Click to view Leadlight window depicting St Dymphna (installed in Laundry c2007) removed from the hospital’s demolished catholic chapel. Click to view 1962 Scale Model Click to view Chapels prior to demolishment Click to view Chapels prior to demolishment Click to view Chapels prior to demolishment Click to view Chapels prior to demolishment Click to view Chapel in 2023 now EFTRU & CSO office Click to view Chapel in 2023 now EFTRU & CSO office Click to view Chapel in 2023 now EFTRU & CSO office Click to view Chapel in 2023 now EFTRU & CSO office Click to view

Cemetery Sites “Many burials occurred at the institution from the 1890s to 1944. Between 1895 and 1912, more than 1500 patients died there and were presumably buried in Cemetery No. 2 and possibly some in No. 3. In addition, the remains of staff members and their families were interred in the cemetery. Between 1914 and 1940, approximately 4670 patients died – an average of 155 per year. With perhaps few exceptions, all would have been buried in the hospital cemetery. A new plaque (post-2007) states that ‘approximately 200 bodies’ were transferred to Goodna Cemetery. The highest number on the grave markers is 2,300.” From Blake, ‘Wolston Park - Police Academy Cultural Heritage Survey. Archaeological excavations at and around the three previous cemetery locations could clarify the existence, character, and scope of interments. Combined with the identification and examination of related artifacts and features, this research can provide insights into how the hospital treated deceased patients and its burial customs, the spatial organisation and layout of graves, and the scale and techniques of reburials. "The asylum of the nineteenth century, and the mental hospital after it, were not intended to function as hospices for the dying or depots for the senile and abandoned aged. But in an era when there were few other options for residential care for the physically as well as mentally ill, the mental hospital was the final resting place for many... " Finnane, Mark (2008) Wolston Park Hospital, 1865-2001: Early articles relating to the complex's cemeteries May 1869 Click to view September 1926 Click to view July 1939 Click to view Cemetery Reserve Click to view Cemetery Reserve Click to view Cemetery Reserve Click to view Cemetery Site 1 (1865 - 1894) Historical records indicate that the Early Asylum Site included a cemetery near the confluence of the Brisbane River and Woogaroo Creek, at the southern end of the site, with the river serving as an access point. Site plans from around 1869 and 1878 reveal the establishment of a cemetery at the far western end, close to where Woogaroo Creek meets the Brisbane River. The severe floods of February 1893 caused significant damage to the male quarters and submerged the primary staff residences along with the original cemetery. The original asylum cemetery site may contain interments, stone and metal grave markers, and various artefacts and features related to the asylum's burial practices. During research, Mr James Clifford, who is mentioned on the Caring page, also certified burials at site 1 Location Survey Plan Click to view 1944 Image overhead corner was left untouched as framing was being conducted Click to view Untouched in 1961 Click to view Location today is part of the golf course near Woogaroo Creek Click to view Cemetery Site 1 currently apart of the Golf Course Click to view 1869 newspaper artricle Click to view 1913 newsaper article Click to view 1901 QLD Government Estimates Meeting Click to view Visit the Debbie Manson Research page Click to view Visit the Debbie Manson Research page Click to view Cemetery Site 2 (1895 - 1912) The second cemetery linked to the hospital lies on the western flank of the Male Patients Area and has archaeological potential. Historically, it lay to the north of the main hospital structures and west of the cricket field. The cemetery operated from 1895 to 1912, after which it was closed to facilitate the construction of two-story male wards, and burials were believed to have been transferred to a third cemetery by 1913. The site was later used for housing (1910s- c. 1958) and for kitchens and workshops (1970s), which have since been relocated or demolished. Possible archaeological remnants in this vicinity may include burials, reinterments, stone and metal grave markers, and various artefacts and features related to burial customs. According to the heritage report, between 1895 and 1912, more than 1500 patients died there and were presumably buried in cemetery no 2 and possibly some in no. 3 1944 overhead with location circled Click to view Heritage register report location Click to view Current location today Click to view location of site 2 early 2000s Click to view Click to view November 1899 article Click to view October 1910 article Click to view June 1911 article Click to view Cemetery Site 3 (c1913-1945) The hospital's third cemetery lies immediately northeast of the Wacol Repatriation Pavilion Complex and has archaeological potential. This area served as the hospital's cemetery from around 1913 to 1945, after which the burials were transferred to Goodna Cemetery. Cleared initially, the site now features regrowth bushland, flanked northwest by Wolston Park Road and a car park, and southeast by Orford Drive, both roads elevated above the cemetery's ground level. Possible archaeological remnants in this vicinity may include burials, reinterments, stone and metal grave markers, and various artefacts associated with burial customs. A few years ago, a bushfire went through the former site, and old headstones were still found amongst the burnt-out scrub September 1926 Click to view Queensland Times newspaper article Click to view 1946 newspaper article Click to view 1946 exhumation Click to view November 1946 Click to view 1947 article Click to view 1961 Click to view Site today Click to view Site today Click to view Site today Click to view Site today Click to view Site today Click to view Site today Click to view 2025 Click to view The Bottom Drawer Book Articles By Lisa Joy Lost remains of Wolston Park Mental Asylum patients buried in trenches. An aerial photo and a sharp memory: location of missing Wolston Park Mental Hospital patients identified Site of asylum’s hidden and forgotten cemetery acknowledged on Qld Heritage Register Mental asylum mass exhumations and missing remains: the tale of Wolston Park’s lost and forgotten patients.

Statement of Significance Criterion A: The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland’s history. Wolston Park Hospital Complex (established in 1865 as Woogaroo Asylum) is important in demonstrating the evolution of mental health care and welfare in Queensland. It is an early and distinctive example of a substantial public mental health institution. Wolston Park Hospital Complex demonstrates the primary role of the state in the care of people with mental illness since the 1860s. Founded by the Queensland government as the first publicly funded mental health institution in the colony, by the 1950s, it had become the largest institution providing care and treatment for people with mental illness in Queensland. The site is also important in demonstrating the development of specialist mental health services for returned service personnel and people with intellectual disabilities, including children. Wolston Park Hospital Complex retains a range of buildings dating from the 1860s, which through their design, relationships with each other and their setting, including designed landscapes, gardens and bushland, demonstrate the changing practices in the treatment of mental illness: from confinement and separation in the 19th century (Asylum); to activities and an environment conducive to mental health/recovery from 1909 to the 1930s (Moral Treatment or Therapy); to active treatment and cure through drug and medical therapies from the 1940s (Mental Hygiene 1940s-50s and Psychiatric Services 1960s-70s); to deinstitutionalization and community-based services by the 1980s. The site's physical evolution also demonstrates these changes in practice, as the complex developed incrementally across its large reserve. Grounds landscaping and patient gardening during the moral treatment era served as therapy, providing meaningful work, a pleasant environment, and recreational facilities. Farming was also used as a therapy during the moral treatment era and from the 1950s for those with intellectual disabilities. The institution’s philosophy of self-sufficiency is illustrated by the riverside quarry (1860s) and associated buildings, structures, and landscaping featuring sandstone; the Farm Wards, which provided food supplies; and the Female Wards 1 and 2, constructed using on-site bricks and timber felled nearby. Criterion B: The place demonstrates rare, uncommon, or endangered aspects of Queensland’s cultural heritage, as one of only three mental health institutions established in Queensland in the 19th century, and the only one that illustrates, through its fabric and layout, the evolution of mental health services from the 1860s onwards. Wolston Park Hospital Complex is rare and distinctive. Criterion B: The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland’s cultural heritage. As one of only three mental health institutions established in Queensland in the 19th century, and the only one that illustrates through its fabric and layout the evolution of mental health services from the 1860s onwards, the complex is rare and distinctive. Criterion C: The place has the potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queensland’s history. The Wolston Park Hospital Complex has the potential to contribute knowledge that will lead to a greater understanding of early and evolved mental health treatment practices and conditions, the associated activities and infrastructure, the people who lived and worked there, and broader 19th and early-20th-century social attitudes towards mental health patients in Queensland. Detailed analysis of the hospital buildings – their planning, design and fabric, along with associated objects and documentary evidence – has the potential to contribute to a greater understanding of the historical functions, operational activities, and conditions experienced by patients subject to a controlled environment. Archaeological investigations at and around the three former cemetery sites may clarify the presence, nature and extent of burials, which, along with the identification and analysis of associated artefacts and features, have the potential to yield information about the treatment of deceased patients and burial practices at the hospital; spatial distribution and arrangement of graves; and the extent and methods of reinterments. Archaeological investigations of the early asylum area – its wards, hospital, doctors' residence and cottage sites, and associated jetty and bridge sites – have the potential to reveal sub-surface artefacts and features that might inform on the layout and operational activities, the living conditions of occupants, and transportation infrastructure associated with the complex. Previously the site of the 1840s Simpson residence, this area may also yield information about the site's mid-19th-century occupation. The medium- and high-density artefact scatters in the riverbank bushland area, including glass, ceramic, and metal kitchenware and tableware, could contribute to our understanding of the occupants, their material culture, and the day-to-day activities of hospital life. Criterion D: The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. Highly intact, Wolston Park Hospital Complex is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a substantial public mental health institution in Queensland developed from the mid-19th to the mid-20th centuries. Principal characteristics include an expansive, isolated, and highly secure site; groups of hospital buildings arranged by function, with segregation of male and female patients; on-site services and infrastructure to support self-contained operation; patient cemeteries; and landscape features and functions designed for patient therapy. Wolston Park Hospital Complex is the earliest and most extensive example of its type in Queensland. The complex’s buildings, structures, and landscapes are important in demonstrating this type of place, including: Early road network Ellerton Drive (1870s, 1913-6); Boyce Road (by 1896); Hogg Lane (by 1896); Wolston Park Road, southern section (by 1896); Barrett Drive (by 1896-1948); Farm Roads (1899-1950s) Central Administration, Services, & Staff Residences Area Visitors Garden (c. 1912) and Visitors Pavilion (1920); Administration Building (1917); Hospital (1917); Chapel (1961); Medical Superintendent's Residence and Garden (1898); Assistant Medical Superintendent’s Residence and Garden (1912); Reservoir and Pump Houses (1914); Recreation Hall (1890-c. 1972); Laundry (1918); Powerhouse (1917); Morgue (1902-49). Female Patients Area Female Wards 1 & 2 (1866-1951); Shelter Shed for Female Patients (by 1944); Anderson House (1917); Staff Residence (1890s-1910s); Bostock House (1885-c1924); Dawson House (1944); Female Bathroom Block (1902) Female Patients Recreation Area & Early Asylum Site Recreation Grounds (1951-5); Cafeteria (c1951); Change Room and Stores Shed (c1951); Packing Shed and Patients Shelter (c1951); Early Asylum Site (1865), including Cemetery. Male Patients Area Recreation Grounds (by 1895); Fleming House (by 1896, c1917); Gladstone House, Jenner House, and Kelsey House (all 1936); Male Bathroom Block (1902); Lewis House, McDonnell House, and Noble House (all 1915); Osler House (1928); Pearce House (1934); Cemetery Site (1895-1912). Wacol Repatriation Complex Recreation Grounds (c. 1954- 55); Kitchen Block (1948); Wards A, B, and C (all 1948); Occupational Therapy and Recreation Hall (c. 1961); Cemetery Site (c. 1913- 45). Gailes Golf Club Course (1925) Farm Complex Piggery Remnants (1916-19); Dam (1950) and Pump House (by 1956); Later Farm Ward Building for Male Patients (c1964); Farm Overseer’s House (1918); Early Farm Ward Kitchen and Dairy (1916). Basil Stafford Centre Farm Ward Building and Grounds (1954-6); School Building for Child Patients with Intellectual Disabilities (1967) and Swimming Pool (c1973); Villas (c1978); and Hospital Dump Sites. Wolston Park Hospital Complex also demonstrates the principal characteristics of the Queensland Department of Public Works (DPW)'s architectural work, retaining an extensive range of excellent, highly intact examples of DPW-designed buildings constructed over more than 100 years (1875 to c1978). The principal characteristics of the DPW’s architectural work, as demonstrated at the hospital complex, include well-designed, fit-for-purpose buildings with a dignified civic character; the use of high-quality materials; and abundant natural light and interior ventilation. Criterion E: The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. Wolston Park Hospital Complex is significant for its aesthetic qualities, owing to the expressive and evocative qualities of its highly intact buildings and landscapes. The place expresses the Queensland Government’s regulation and treatment of people with mental illnesses from the 1860s to the 1970s, particularly its use of moral therapy. Through its elevated location and ordered buildings in formal landscapes surrounded by bushland, with controlled views to and from its features, the government sought to convey order, control, and calm to patients and visitors. The place is also evocative of institutional life and associated experiences of isolation, dependence, confinement, and treatment. These evocative qualities are layered across a variety of aspects, including substantial ward buildings designed for patient observation, control and management; communal patient dormitories, ablutions, dining, and recreation rooms, and individual patient cells; patient work and recreation landscapes; patient morgue and cemeteries; hospital paraphernalia and dump artefacts; and the patina of use on the fabric of the buildings. Important views unfold across the site, exemplified by the imposing early female and male ward buildings juxtaposed with their open, landscaped surrounds. Criterion F: The place is important in demonstrating a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a particular period. The place does not display any particular artistic, architectural, or creative qualities or any technical, construction or design qualities to be sufficiently important in demonstrating a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a particular period. The place does not satisfy this criterion. Criterion G: The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. Operating for more than 155 years, Wolston Park Hospital Complex, the oldest and for many years, the largest mental health facility in Queensland, has a strong and special association with the Queensland mental health community, including past and present patients, their family members, friends, and advocates, medical and non-medical staff, social workers, clergy, and volunteers. Criterion H: The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland’s history. Wolston Park Hospital Complex has a special association with Henry Byam Ellerton (c1871-1951), its Medical Superintendent and Inspector of the Insane of Queensland from 1909 to 1936, who made a notable contribution to the development of mental health services in the state. Ellerton improved patient care through staff training, occupational therapy, and improved facilities. In line with the moral treatment approach to patient care, Ellerton transformed Wolston Park Hospital Complex through major building, farming, recreation, and landscaping programmes, laying out the complex in the form it still retains.