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Morgue Built in 1902 The morgue is a low-set brick building situated below the power house. It was erected in 1902 and replaced an earlier building damaged in the 1893 floods. The new morgue comprised a small operating room, a waiting/viewing room, and a hearse shed. Additions were made in 1952 to increase the capacity of the morgue and upgrade the equipment, retaining its functional mortuary layout and fixtures such as its autopsy, scrub and change rooms at its northeast end, waiting and viewing rooms at its southwest end, a central coffin store and refrigerator room with a loading area. In 2020, the building is vacant and is highly intact. Chronology: 1902: construction 1952: additions - autopsy room, coffin store and refrigerator Front of Morgue Click to view Front of Morgue Click to view Front of Morgue Click to view Front Vehicle Door Click to view Rear of Morgue Click to view Autopsy Room Click to view Refrigerator Body Storage Click to view

Wolston House When Dr Stephen Simpson was appointed Commissioner for Crown Lands for the Moreton Bay District in 1842, the area was first opened up for free settlement following the closure of the penal colony. He was a cultured man, a Doctor of Medicine, a Justice of the Peace, a Police Magistrate and a founding Member of the Queensland Legislative Council following Separation from New South Wales. His first home in the colony was at Woogaroo (where the Wolston Park Golf Club is situated), which was to become the site of the Wolston Park Hospital. In 1851, when the opportunity to buy land in the area arose, he purchased 640 acres (2.6 km2) to the east of his first house on land overlooking the Brisbane River. Wolston House comprises the homestead and garden from the Wolston Estate, a large pastoral property established initially by Dr Stephen Simpson in 1852 and extended during the 1860s by Matthew Goggs. The new property, which included a stockyard, stables, outbuildings and a house and garden, was laid out by surveyor William Pettigrew in 1852. The garden was planned with care. Pettigrew recorded in his diary the planting of fruit trees there, and Simpson was known for his interest in plants and gardening. It is possible that Simpson planted the fig trees at Wolston. The house in which Simpson lived was much smaller than the Wolston homestead that now stands. He had arrived in Brisbane as a recent widower and lived in a way that would have made a significant or formal dwelling unnecessary. He constructed a two-room brick cottage over a sandstone basement. The house was shingled and had a detached kitchen. This cottage now forms the core of the house. Simpson may have added the existing sandstone kitchen that adjoins this section before he sold the house in 1860, or by Goggs. After his wife and child died, Simpson designated his nephew, John Ommaney (for whom Mount Ommaney is named) as his heir. On 11 March 1856, the young man, aged 20, was riding from Wolston station and was thrown from his horse. The horse returned to Wolston, and a search was undertaken. Ommaney was found on the ground insensible and, despite medical attention, died. His body was taken by steamer to be buried in the Church of England cemetery at Paddington . This may have affected Simpson's commitment to remaining in the colony, and a few years later, he put the Wolston estate up for sale and returned to England. According to the auction notice that appeared in the Moreton Bay Courier of 3 January 1860, the estate was by then well established with 2,000 acres (8.1 km2) of fenced land, an extensive garden and orchards, 250 head of horses and 400 of cattle. Matthew Buscall Goggs purchased Wolston in October 1860. He continued to operate the estate as a cattle and horse-breeding station and expanded the holding to 100,000 acres (400 km2). Goggs, a farmer's son, emigrated to Australia in 1841 and took up land at Chinchilla with his first wife. He purchased Wolston after his second marriage to Anne Gedge, and they had ten children. Goggs built a sandstone extension to the house in the 1860s to accommodate his family, and in the 1870s, a cedar annexe was added, containing children's bedrooms. Goggs died in 1882 and was buried in a mausoleum that he had built in the grounds of the estate. This was damaged in the 1893 floods, and the bodies of Goggs and two infants were reburied at Toowong Cemetery . Following Gogg's death, his eldest son, also named Matthew Buscall, ran the estate until around 1890, when he moved to Brisbane. A Mr Thomas Matthews is recorded in Post Office Directories as having lived at Wolston between 1890 and 1893 and may have leased the property from the Goggs family. Over the years, the family had bought and sold land, and by 1907, the Wolston property had been reduced to 650 acres (2.6 km2) around Wolston House. Wolston House, 1890 In 1907, the Grindle family purchased the property. They built it up and operated a successful dairy, milking 120 cows a day and selling the milk to Brisbane. They covered the shingle roof with corrugated iron. They rationalised the spacing of the verandah posts, which had previously been irregular, reflecting the stages at which the house was extended. In 1956, the estate was purchased by Robert Hurley. By this time, the property had become run-down, and the house was inhabited by three elderly Grindle brothers who were no longer able to manage it. At the time, this consisted of 117 acres (47 ha) of freehold land in poor condition. The Hurleys rebuilt the property, establishing an intensive dairy business. In 1960, the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Stock resumed the property to develop a tick research centre. They demolished the farm outbuildings and intended to demolish the homestead as well; however, this was saved following an intensive campaign by the Queensland Women's Historical Association, the Royal Historical Society of Queensland, and the newly formed National Trust of Queensland . In 1965, the house was transferred to the National Trust and became its first property. Sir Raphael Cilento , who was to become the second president of the Trust between 1966 and 1971, and the architect Karl Langer , were prominent in the acquisition of the homestead and in its interpretation. This interpretation rested on the property's occupation by Dr Stephen Simpson, and it was therefore decided to demolish the timber section at the rear, which was clearly of a later date. When acquired by the Trust, the house was in poor condition. In addition to urgent repairs, extensive reconstruction was carried out. Although it reflects the philosophies of the early 1960s, this approach is unacceptable today. The current conservation philosophy, in line with the recommendations of the Burra Charter , favours minimal intervention and interpretation and embraces the whole life of the house and its setting. The Trust has owned Wolston House for more than 30 years. It remains open to the public as a museum, allowing the effects of changes in conservation philosophies and methods over this period to be studied. Description Wolston House is on a rural site between Brisbane and Ipswich overlooking the Brisbane River. The surrounding land is now occupied by Wacol Correctional Centre and the Department of Primary Industries and retains its pastoral aspect. The house is surrounded by a mature garden containing large trees, a well and a pump. The house is constructed of sandstone and brick, with a galvanised-iron roof, and comprises six rooms. Two cellars with attached lean-tos form a half-basement accessed from the rear. The house is one room deep with the rooms disposed along a verandah supported by timber posts. The rooms are accessed through French windows, with no formal entrance. These consist of a large double room divided by folding cedar doors, a bedroom, a dining room, and a kitchen set at a slightly lower level. Much of the joinery is original; however, much of the plaster wall finishes have been reconstructed, and the ceilings, which were thought to have been pressed metal and plaster, have been rebuilt in secondhand timber. To the rear of the house, brick basement walls remain from the 1860s children's wing, which was demolished in the 1970s. Wolston functions as a house museum, and a modern caretaker's residence is situated to one side of the house. There is a modern toilet block behind the house, and a timber railway building has been relocated to the rear of the site to serve as a store. The gate posts and part of the wall shown in 1930s photographs survive, as do elements of original paving. The collection, which was developed to furnish the house, does not pertain to it but includes items associated with individuals who lived or worked on the property. It contains several significant early pieces of furniture and objects. Heritage listing Wolston House was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992, having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. It is also associated with the formation of the National Trust of Queensland and with Sir Raphael Cilento and Karl Langer, who played significant roles in the acquisition of Wolston House as the Trust's foundation property. The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage. Wolston House is a rare surviving early homestead, primarily constructed in the 1860s, incorporating an 1852 cottage. The materials and workmanship that survive from these stages of building illustrate techniques not commonly found in small rural buildings of this period. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. By its form and the absence of a formal entry, the building demonstrates aspects of the way of life of the district's first European settlers. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance The building's character and its relationship with the landscape have considerable aesthetic appeal and are well-received by the community. The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history. The earliest part of the house is associated with Dr Stephen Simpson (1792-1869), a prominent figure in public life during the early years of Brisbane. It is also associated with the formation of the National Trust of Queensland and with Sir Raphael Cilento and Karl Langer, who played significant roles in the acquisition of Wolston House as the Trust's foundation property. HISTORIC WOLSTON. By F.E. LORD. Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Click here to view Sir Raphael Cilento demonstrating laundry mangle to Governor Sir Alan Mansfield, Wolston House, Wacol. 1969 Click here to view

Riverbank & Nyunda Park Area This area comprises a mix of open and enclosed bushland, a dam, picnic facilities adjacent to the dam and was the location of the former John Oxley Centre. It has remained substantially undeveloped throughout the history of the institution and was prominent in the outlook of the female wards. This area is an important component of the landscape character of the site, and contrasts with the more open and developed golf course area. This area also contains two former sandstone quarry sites, which were worked by Joshua Jeays. Stone from these quarries was used in a number of buildings in Brisbane and Ipswich, the most notable example being Parliament House. It was also the source for the stone used in the female no 1 ward and later in kerbing for the driveways. One site is adjacent to the riverbank and has evidence of workings remaining, while the other site is partially submerged by the dam. Former Sandstone Quarry and Track (1860s) The area west of Explorer’s Walk contains a series of quarry workings where stone was extracted from outcrops along the sandstone ridge. This quarry was one of the first sandstone quarries developed in Queensland. It was owned by Joshua Jeays, and sandstone from the quarry was used in the construction of Parliament House in 1864. The quarry is regarded as significant as one of the first sandstone quarries in Queensland. There are two main workings (north and south) and other smaller workings scattered around the centre of this area. The workings are evidenced by worked faces (vertical) and benched areas (horizontal). They are accessed by a track along which stone was transported to a jetty on the river, approximately 600m to the north. A second track diverts southeast to access the main hospital complex. Northern workings, comprising a group of four faces and benches that step down towards the river; the largest face (closest to the river) is approximately 80m in length. Southern workings, comprising a single face and bench approximately 50m in length. Smaller workings, comprising a collection of worked faces scattered throughout the centre of the area. Early tracks, including route, clearing and formation. Stone jetty remnants along the riverbank (not sighted in 2020), timber bridge remnants, located along the track approximately 60m southeast of the jetty remnants (not sighted in 2020). Hospital Dump Sites The Hospital Dump Sites comprise a series of medium- to high-density artefact scatters located adjacent to a modern powerline easement north of the former Quarry Workings. The scatters contain discarded material associated with the hospital and farm complex, with some evidence that it has been deposited systematically, grouped by type. The largest scatter contains a concentration of glass, ceramic, and metal kitchenware and tableware, including large and small fragments of white-glazed earthenware and stoneware jugs, cups, and other vessels; white-enamelled metal jugs and pans; and assorted metal containers and utensils. Other scatters contain collections of metal milk cans, water tanks, bed frames, wire fencing and electrical equipment. Tracks and sandstone ridge Click to view 1860s track today Click to view 1860s track today Click to view 1860s track today Click to view 1860s track today Click to view 1860s track today Click to view Strange site along the track Click to view Early maps had shown this area as horse stabling area Click to view Early maps had shown this area as horse stabling area Click to view Early maps had shown this area as horse stabling area Click to view Early maps had shown this area as horse stabling area Click to view Hospital Dump 1961 Click to view Hospital Dumpsite today Click to view Hospital Dumpsite today Click to view Hospital Dumpsite today Click to view The Quarry site that is partially submerged by the dam. Click to view 1946 Image Click to view

Peters Family Collection Random selection of photos converted from slides taken by staff members Edith & Joan Peters Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view

Gladstone House, Jenner House, & Kelsey House All were built in 1936 Gladstone House (Ward 6), Jenner House (Ward 7), and Kelsey House (Ward 8) are three highly intact single-storey brick buildings with an unusual "crab" design and replaced earlier timber wards that were considered fire hazards and difficult to keep clean. The drawings were prepared by EA Godfrey. Construction commenced in August 1934 and was completed the following year, and was officially opened on 20 February by Sir Leslie Wilson. As part of the ceremony, the Director General of Health and Medical Services, Raphael Cilento, paid tribute to Superintendent Dr Ellerton, declaring these wards were "his prime". All three wards had large central dining rooms with single rooms with a large dormitory. Kelsey was slightly different in its planning to the other two wards in regards to its dormitories. In 2020, they are vacant and had most of the later fabric removed. Gladstone House is named after the famous parliamentarian William Ewart Gladstone. Jenner House is named after the famous physician Edward Jenner, who pioneered the concept of vaccines and created the smallpox vaccine, and discovered the value of inoculation with cow pox as a preventative measure against smallpox. Kelsey House is named after well-loved matron Elsie Kelsey, who worked at the hospital from 1925 and became assistant matron in 1941. She retired in 1967 Gladstone House Chronology 1936: Building construction was completed 1966: alterations for bathrooms 1973: fire sprinkler system installed 1980: renovations to bathrooms, roof lantern enclosed with new ceilings Jenner House Chronology 1936: Building construction was completed 1973: fire sprinkler system installed 1980: renovations to bathrooms Jenner House Chronology 1936: Building construction was completed 1981: remodelling and upgrading of bathrooms 1984: upgrading of bathrooms 1934 Plan Click to view opening of the three houses its believed that this is Gladstone House in the picture Click to view Sir Leslie Wilson opening the wards Click to view 1936 interior Click to view Kelsey House Click to view Jenner House Click to view Gladston House Click to view Gladstone side Click to view Jenner front Click to view Former gates that gave access the three houses Click to view Former gates that gave access the three houses Click to view Former gate buzzer that gave access the three houses Click to view Gladstone house street sign Click to view Gladstone house street sign Click to view Click to view All three house are exactly the same Click to view All three house are exactly the same Click to view All three house are exactly the same Click to view All three house are exactly the same Click to view All three house are exactly the same Click to view Gladstone house Click to view Jenner House Click to view Jenner House Click to view Jenner House Click to view Kelsey House Click to view

Assistant Medical Superintendent’s Residence & Garden Built-in 1912 The building was erected in 1912 as a residence for the Following an extensive fire in 1911, the senior assistant medical superintendent's residence was destroyed by fire. Plans were put in place for a new residence immediately. Ellerton recommended that the building be built in brick, but this was rejected as too expensive. However, Ellerton did persuade the Department of Works to specify Wunderlich pressed metal ceilings in the dining room and sitting rooms for the new building. Tenders were called in June 1911, and construction was completed the following year. Also had a former tennis court along with rendered masonry garden stairs, including concrete lion statues Chronology: 1912: construction was completed 1930: front verandah extended Assistant Medical Superintendent Residence Click to view Assistant Medical Superintendent Residence location of former tennis court Click to view Assistant Medical Superintendent Residence location of former tennis court rendered masonry garden stairs including concrete lion statues Click to view Assistant Medical Superintendent Residence Click to view Assistant Medical Superintendent’s Residence Click to view Assistant Medical Superintendent Residence Click to view Original and early brass door, fanlight, and window hardware Click to view timber joinery. Click to view Original and early brass door, fanlight, and window hardware Click to view Timber joinery Click to view Timber joinery including moulded architraves, picture rails, panelled doors, fretwork fanlights, multi-paned windows, window seats (dining room) Click to view Facebrick chimney Click to view Lion statues Click to view Lion statues Click to view

Toowoomba Asylum Situated on the northwestern outskirts of Toowoomba and known as the Baillie Henderson Hospital It was established as a lunatic asylum in 1890 and continues to provide psychiatric care to more than 400 patients, and is the most intact nineteenth-century asylum in Queensland. The treatment of lunacy or madness underwent a reformation in the first half of the nineteenth century in America, France and Britain, from physical restraint and bizarre procedures to management through the provision of a pleasant environment and work opportunities. The new approach was based on reforming an individual by placing them in a suitable environment, and by the 1860s, asylums were accepted as the most appropriate place for the treatment of insanity. Before Queensland became a separate colony in 1859, residents who were classified as lunatics or insane and required control were placed in the local gaol or sent south to an asylum in Sydney. Within thirty years of self-government, three asylums were operating in Queensland. Queensland's first asylum was the Woogaroo Lunatic Asylum, opened in 1865. Within a decade, overcrowding had become a chronic problem, and a Royal Commission in 1877 recommended the establishment of asylums in Toowoomba and Rockhampton . An asylum was established at Sandy Gallop (the Challinor Centre at Ipswich ) in 1878 and operated as an annexe of Goodna until 1910, when it became a separate institution. The Rockhampton asylum was not proceeded with, and plans for the Toowoomba institution were prepared by the colonial architect John James Clark in 1885. These plans provided for a large complex with two rows of pavilion wards separated by service buildings. The design and planning of the Toowoomba asylum were based on the principles of asylum design articulated by J. Conolly in The Construction and Government of Lunatic Asylums, and the original plan took more than 20 years to complete. The power of symmetry for m, with its inherent qualities of balance and order, was used to significant effect in the master planning and building design of the Toowoomba Asylum. The site was laid out about an east-west axis on which service and ancillary buildings were centred with identical pairs of pavilion wards, males to the south and females to the north, laid equidistant from the centre and from each other. The wards and service buildings were also of symmetrical design, reinforced and connected by a continuous covered walkway. Each of the ward buildings had an associated outdoor area enclosed by a 3-metre (9.8 ft) high close-boarded timber fence into which shelter sheds and gates were set. The requisite requirements for a pleasant environment were enhanced by landscaping, which included planting gardens and perimeter trees to create vistas and more intimate areas for repose. Construction commenced in 1886, and by 189,0 sufficient building had been completed for the asylum to open. In 1891, the Toowoomba Lunatic Asylum comprised a male (Jofre House) and female (Ray House) convalescent ward, a general female ward (Pinel House), and a group of buildings comprising the administration building (now MacDonald Hall), kitchen, bathrooms, washhouse and store and the medical superintendent's residence, which was situated adjacent to Hogg Street away from the main complex. The first patients were transferred from the Goodna asylum, and by the end of 1890, the total number of patients had reached 196. The second male ward (Ward B - Rush House), Pinel House's complement, was completed in 1892. Construction continued throughout the 1890s and 1900s with additional pairs of male and female pavilion wards constructed in 1898 (Male Ward C and Female Ward 3) and 1902 (Male Ward D-Clouston House and Female Ward 4 (now the Museum)), the assistant medical superintendent's residence (1899), nurses' quarters (1909) and administration block (1910). By 1910, the original plan was complete, and the asylum accommodated more than 700 patients. A second primary building phase occurred during 1915-1919. In 1909, Dr Henry Byam Ellerton , an English-trained medical practitioner, was appointed Inspector of Hospitals for the Insane in Queensland. Upon his appointment, Ellerton immediately implemented changes and improvements to the state's asylums and reception houses. In addition to numerous administrative changes, Ellerton oversaw a major upgrading and expansion of the infrastructure at the Goodna, Ipswich, and Toowoomba asylums. At Toowoomba, five new buildings were erected as a result of Ellerton's initiatives. Ellerton was a strong advocate of the "moral treatment" approach to insanity. This approach emphasised the need to provide a pleasant environment for patients and opportunities for employment and recreation. This philosophy was evident in a pair of new large blocks erected in 1917-1919, Female Ward 5 (Whishaw House) and Male Ward E (Browne House), set within landscaped grounds with views to the surrounding countryside. During this period, a pair of domestic-scale wards (Male Admission Ward - James House and Female Admission Ward - Hill House) and a hospital ward (Tredgold House) were completed. These buildings faced a recreation ground centred on the east-west axis of the original hospital plan. Throughout this period, agriculture was an essential component of the asylum's operations, partly to offset costs and partly to provide employment for patients. Few major building projects were undertaken in the subsequent decades. Improvements were limited to extensions to the nurse's quarters (1934), new bathrooms, staff residences and laundrettes. The institution's name was changed to "Toowoomba Mental Hospital" under the Mental Hygiene Act of 1938. This Act signalled several changes in the administration of mental health and coincided with new treatment approaches, particularly the use of drug therapies. A further name change to "Toowoomba Special Hospital" was made under the Mental Health Act 1962. In August 1968, it was renamed "Baillie Henderson Hospital" in honour of Dr John Hector Baillie Henderson (1902-1981), Assistant Medical Superintendent 1939-1950 and Medical Superintendent 1950-1969. Following decades of only minor building works, a significant program of upgrading and replacing existing facilities commenced in the mid-1960s. New service buildings included a laundry (1968), a canteen (1968), a kitchen (1972), and an artisans' block (1980). New wards and accommodation facilities included Conolly, Tuke and Digby (1974), Penrose and Maudsley (1977), and Gowrie Hall complex (1991). Most of these buildings were erected to the north and west of the existing complex. Male Ward C and Female Ward 3(1898), and the kitchen and laundry were amongst the original buildings demolished c. 1971 as part of this building program. The Recreation Complex, located west of McDonald Hall, was constructed during this latter building program. Since the 1980s, the number of patients has steadily declined, with a greater emphasis on treating and caring for psychiatric patients in either community-based facilities or facilities in general hospitals. T he Nurses' Quarters were demolished in 1997. The complex occupies a 133.4-hectare (330-acre) site about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of the city of Toowoomba in the suburb of Cranley. It is located on an elevated, picturesque site on an east-facing slope. The complex comprises over forty buildings, ten of which were constructed between 1888 and 1910 according to the master plan of architect JJ Clark and five between 1915 and 1919, influenced by the principles upheld by Dr HB Ellerton. Entry to the site is via Mort Street in the east or Tor Street in the south. The main access road encompasses the pre-1910 site with branches providing access to the staff accommodation at the western end of the grounds and to the later hospital building to the west and north. T he roads are lined with impressive avenues of mature trees, including Bunya Pines. The symmetrical layout of the hospital remains evident, although obscured in some views by well-developed landscaping and the large scale of the recreation and therapy complex located west of McDonald Hall. The buildings, grounds, and walkways connecting the buildings of the Baillie Henderson Hospital are of cultural significance; descriptions of individual elements follow. Jofre House (Ward A – Male) and Ray House (Ward 1 – Female) History Jofre House and Ray House were constructed in 1888 as identical two-storey, face-brick masonry L-shaped convalescent wards, mirror-reversed on opposite sides of the central administration and service area, and forming the eastern corners of the original plan for the hospital complex. They were symmetrical in plan about their entries, set at 45 degrees to the buildings' wings. Verandahs surrounded the ground floor. On the elevated site, both wards were afforded views over the valley toward the city and the surrounding area. The buildings housed a central lounge, dormitories, single rooms and attendants' rooms on both floors, with the dining room, servery and bathroom facilities located on the ground floor. These buildings are largely intact and continue to house patients. Description The convalescent wards are two-storey masonry buildings with hipped corrugated iron roofs. The red-brown English bond face brick walls are relieved by banding at the sill and floor levels, with contrasting lintels and multi-paned sash-and-frame windows. The first floor retains its symmetrical L-shape, but later single-storey masonry wings containing additional bathrooms and recreation areas have been added to the east and south elevations (the north elevation of Ray House), breaking the continuity of the original surrounding ground-level verandahs and restricting views. The interiors, except the bathrooms, are generally intact and contain original joinery, including staircases and doors with observation windows. Rush House (Male Ward B) and Pinel House (Female Ward 2), Clouston House (Ward D) and Female Ward 4 (Museum) History The original plan for the Toowoomba asylum included six general pavilion wards of identical design: two-storey, face-brick masonry I-shaped buildings with hipped corrugated-iron roofs, symmetrical in plan about a north-south axis, with verandahs at ground level on three sides and a covered way along the inside elevation. The ward buildings contained lavatories, stairs, a store and attendants' rooms with a fireplace in the wing adjacent to the covered way. The outside wing contained the dining room, which had two fireplaces and the wing in between, along the north-south axis of the building, housed an 18-bed dormitory with 10 single 8 ft × 9 ft (2.4 m × 2.7 m) cells and a stair and scullery adjacent to the dining room. The layout on the upper floors was similar, except dormitories over the lavatories and dining room and an attendant's room above the scullery. Female Ward 2, Pinel House, was the first general ward constructed in 1888, and Male Ward B, Rush House, was completed in 1892. Male Ward C and Female Ward 3 were constructed in 1898, and Clouston House and Female Ward 4 were completed in 1902. Later wings containing bathroom facilities were added to the eastern elevations of each ward building, and semidetached wings for recreation areas were added to the eastern elevations of Rush House and Pinel House. Male Ward C and Female Ward 3 were demolished in 1971, and Rush House was refurbished more recently and continues to house patients. Female Ward 4 houses the hospital's museum, and Clouston House is vacant. Shelter sheds and fencing that formed part of the original plan no longer survive. Description The general ward buildings are two-storey I-shaped masonry buildings with hipped corrugated iron roofs. The red-brown English-bond face brick walls are relieved by banding at sill and floor levels, with contrasting lintels and multi-paned sash-and-frame windows. Subtle differences between the construction periods of the pairs of wards are evident in the joinery treatment, window shutter details and ventilation grilles. Pinel House is vacant and largely intact, except for a painting of the external brickwork that was applied sometime ago. Female Ward 4 now houses the hospital's museum and remains remarkably intact. Clouston House is also in an intact condition and is vacant and used for storage. Rush House has recently been refurbished, including the removal of roof ventilator fleches and chimneys, the replacement of the roof sheeting with Colorbond sheeting, and the painting of the brickwork. Changes to the interior include the addition of partitions to dormitory areas, the replacement of joinery, the lining of floors and the addition of suspended ceilings and air conditioning. MacDonald Hall History MacDonald Hall was first constructed in 1888 as a T-shaped, single-storey masonry building with a double-gabled roof over its central volume and hipped roofs over the outer wings, all surrounded by timber-framed verandahs and connected to the kitchen, bathhouse, and store behind, and to the wards, by a continuous covered walkway. Whilst designed as a recreation hall, the building was also used for hospital administration until the new administration building was completed in 1910. In 1913, the recreation hall was modified: the walls of the main entrance were raised to increase volume, and high-level sash windows were added to all elevations, with a hipped roof. Description The Administration building is a single-storey T-shaped structure with verandahs along its east, north, and south elevations. The walkway connected to its west elevation has been removed. It has reddish-brown English bond face brick walls, relieved with banding at sill levels, and contrasting lintels and six-pane sash-and-frame windows. Four-pane centre-pivoting sash windows are set in the auditorium walls above the surrounding verandah roof and have contrasting lintels and sills. The hipped roof of the main hall is supported on impressive timber trusses, and the raked ceiling is lined with panels of v-jointed tongue-and-groove boards laid diagonally to the walls. The sewing room in the northern wing has had a roof light added, and a small semidetached wing containing toilets has been added to the south elevation. The main hall houses a large pipe organ and features a stage with a decorative pressed-metal proscenium supported on V-jointed tongue-and-groove walls. The single volume of the northern wing (the former sewing room) has been partitioned off into two rooms, and only the north-western room was accessible from the stage. The southern wing was also not accessible. Fireplaces between the main hall and the wings have been bricked in. The later toilet addition is of stretcher-bond masonry, red-brown brick, with a skillion roof. Administration block History The construction of the Administration Building in 1910 completed the first stage of the plan for the Toowoomba Lunatic Asylum. The two-storey masonry building with a hipped roof, clock tower, and detached toilets differs from the original building illustrated in an 1888 perspective of the proposed hospital. Nevertheless, it remains in the same position along the site's central axis, overlooking the circular drive and surrounding gardens. The main entry to the building was via a central hall that opened onto the front arcade, and a stair hall intersected by a passage connecting the north- and south-side entrances. Offices for the Medical Superintendent, the Assistant Medical Superintendent, the Steward, the Matron, the Chief Attendant, the Dispensary, and the Hall Porter were located on the ground floor, with male and female visitors' rooms at the south and north ends of the arcade, respectively. The first floor housed the Matrons' bedroom, sitting room, servants' room and kitchen, as well as a library and a room for photography and pathology. The matron's bathroom was located on the northern end of the rear verandah, and a dark room was on the southern end. A stair from the western verandah led to the verandah at ground level. Description The Administration block is a two-storey brick masonry building with a hipped corrugated-iron roof and a central clock tower. Whilst its general architectural expression, materials, and detailing complement the hospital complex, it clearly expresses stylistic differences from the period in which it was built. It has a symmetrical layout about its east-west axis. It is located centrally between Ray House and Jofre House, along the same axis as McDonald Hall, and is connected to these buildings by a covered timber-framed walkway with a gabled roof. The front elevation of the Administration building presents a formal public face, raised on a plinth of quarry-faced stone, above which an arcade of semicircular and flat arches of red-brown face brick is relieved by quarry-faced stone banding, voussoirs, and keystones . The corners of the arcade have parapets of ashlar stonework with curved copings that rise to form the solid corner balustrading of the verandah above. Timber verandah posts support curved verandah beams and eaves brackets, and are of a scale and detail that suggest the domestic function of the first floor. Three of the first-floor verandah bays have been enclosed by a half-high wall with aluminium windows above, replacing the original timber balustrading. The verandahs to the north and south have been enclosed with weatherboards and casement sash windows. The two-storey timber verandah at the rear has been enclosed on the first floor with weatherboards and aluminium windows. A single-storey, one-room masonry addition with a hipped roof has been added to the south-west and north-west corners of the building. Detached lavatory buildings for males and females are located at the south and north entrances, respectively. These are identical single-storey red-brown English bond face brick structures with hipped corrugated-iron roofs and louvred windows, with contrasting sills. Browne House (Male Ward E) and Whishaw House (Female Ward 5) History Browne House and Whishaw House were erected between 1917 and 1919 to the west of Wards 4 and D as a pair of male and female ward buildings, providing additional accommodation for patients requiring less supervision. The buildings were part of the second stage of development of the hospital complex during Ellerton's period in office and were sited east-west, facing the grounds and views. They were constructed as two-storey masonry buildings with projecting gabled wings at each end and a larger central projecting gabled wing with bay windows to both levels. The ground floor comprised a large central dining room, sitting room, dormitory, scullery, lavatories, bathroom, and stores, built in a one-storey annexe at the rear of the dining room, centred between two semidetached masonry stairwells. The first floor comprised three large open dormitories. Description The substantial two-storey buildings with corrugated-iron roofs have reddish-brown face brickwork to the first-floor level and rough-cast render above, relieved by contrasting lintels and multi-paned sash-and-frame windows. The projecting central wing on the front elevations was finished on both levels with roughcast render relieved with contrasting quoining, banding, copings and lintels. Two-storey timber verandahs provided the infill between the projecting wings of the front elevation. The single-storey annexe at the rear of Browne House has been replaced by a significant two-storey masonry addition constructed c. 1970, and another single-storey semidetached masonry wing with a skillion roof has been added to the western end of the north elevation. Whishaw House remains relatively intact, including early bathroom and linen areas on the ground floor. The dining room is currently used for patient recreation and therapeutic groups, and is operated by Darling Downs Health Service Rehab and Recovery, which also occupies the first floor. James House and Hill House History James House and Hill House (also known as Tuke Annexe) were constructed between 1915 and 1917 as complementary admission wards and formed part of Ellerton's building program. These buildings continued to follow the site's symmetrical layout but are set farther from the central axis, on the outskirts of the recreation ground, which they overlook. They were a result of Ellerton's desire to provide more suitable accommodation for patients, with greater privacy and views. The buildings housed 10 patients in single rooms, with a bathroom in the western wing; a dormitory of 12 beds with bathrooms in the eastern wing; central sitting and dining rooms with bay windows opening onto a verandah overlooking the recreation ground; and a semidetached kitchen and store. Description The James and Hill Houses are a pair of single-storey U-shaped buildings with hipped corrugated-iron roofs, reddish-brown face brick walls relieved by contrasting sills and lintels, and multi-paned sash-and-frame windows. The verandah connecting the kitchen wing to the main structure has been enclosed on both buildings. James House remains intact and is currently used as a site office by the redevelopment team. Hill House appears to be in an undamaged condition *access was not available. Tredgold - Hospital Ward History Tredgold House was erected in 1917 as a hospital ward for the treatment of patients with physical problems. It was one of three asylum hospitals built at the time, all based on the same plan. The smallest of these hospitals was built at Challinor and the other at Wolston Park, which had a tile roof. Both of these are extant. Tredgold House continues to house patients. Description Tredgold House is a single-storey, red-brown face-brick building in stretcher bond construction with a large, galvanised-iron, hipped roof. The building has a symmetrical plan form, with a front entrance given prominence by a battened gabled end projecting above adjacent verandahs, a rough-cast finish, and a roof fleche. The symmetrical floor plan contains a central entrance hall and office areas with a wing opposite containing a kitchen and scullery. A pentagonal activity room opens into two adjoining rooms beyond the kitchen area. The two wings that open off the corridor at an angle to the central portion provide dormitory accommodation and a large activity room; later additions at the ends of these wings offer further accommodation. Assistant Medical Superintendent's Quarters History The quarters for the Assistant Medical Superintendent were built in 1898 as a single-storey masonry residence with a large, hipped roof, situated at the top of the slope on the western limit of the hospital complex site. Description The house is constructed of red-brown face brickwork with a hipped corrugated iron roof and projecting gables . It has an asymmetrical layout and comprises an entrance hall, drawing room, dining room, three bedrooms, a bathroom, and a servants' bedroom. The pantry, kitchen, and washhouse are contained in a wing at the northwest corner of the building, with a masonry northern wall and timber-framed and clad south and west walls. The house contains five fireplaces and has a verandah to the east and west. The house is the oldest of five occupying the western end of the site and overlooking the hospital complex. The other houses, built from the 1930s to 1960s for staff, form a residential streetscape and edge along the west of the complex. The building is currently unoccupied, but a tenant is being sought. Medical Superintendent's Residence History The quarters for the Medical Superintendent were built in 1888 as a single-storey masonry residence with a large, hipped roof situated away from the complex to the southeast. In its original form, the main portion of the house had a T-shaped symmetrical layout with verandahs to the north, south and east with a dining room, drawing room and two large bedrooms all with bay windows. Two small bedrooms were located at the rear of the house, and a semidetached kitchen and pantry on the southeastern corner were accessible from a verandah. A later timber wing was added to the northwest corner, and a servant's bedroom and scullery were added to the kitchen in 1940. Description The house is constructed of red-brown face brickwork on a rendered base, with a hipped corrugated-iron roof, timber verandahs to the east, and a timber verandah and a bedroom wing to the west. The house was not inspected during the site visit. Recreation Ground & Landscaping History The landscape is integral to the development of the Baillie Henderson Hospital complex, serving as a major contributor to the pleasant environment required for patient treatment in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century asylum planning. Terracing of the site, the planting of trees, hedges, and gardens, and the incorporation of garden elements such as shelters and fencing were designed to provide an attractive and restful environment whilst meeting the requirements for patient containment within the complex. The recreation ground, located on the hospital plan's central axis, formed an integral part of an initiative of HB Ellerton for the second stage of the hospital development at Toowoomba, providing a pleasant outlook from the complex of buildings erected at this time through trees to a large oval and beyond to more distant views. Description Approached from the east, the Baillie Henderson Hospital becomes apparent at some distance as a tree-covered sanctuary on the east-facing slope of the valley set back from the approach roads in a rural setting. On the site, significant and mature landscaping elements are planted along the principal driveways to the hospital proper and residences, around the buildings to provide shelter and restful gardens, to create vistas, pathways and to frame the recreation oval. These plantings include Bunya pines (Araucaria bidwilli ) and many other species. Heritage listing Baillie Henderson Hospital was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 September 1999, having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The Baillie Henderson Hospital is significant for its role in the development of mental health care in Queensland since 1890. Although it has been altered and expanded over the years, the Baillie Henderson Hospital represents a pivotal era in Queensland mental health care. It is the most intact group of mental health buildings of the period. The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage. Of the three main asylums built in Queensland before 1920, Baillie Henderson Hospital at Toowoomba is the only mental hospital in Queensland to have formal, symmetrical site planning and, through this symmetry and the symmetry evident in its building forms and landscaping, demonstrates an asylum based on a highly formal and systematic design. It is also the only such institution to retain its rural setting. Wolston Park, by comparison, has developed more haphazardly and less formally, although there are groups of buildings that are arranged systematically. The Ipswich asylum was also well planned, but the buildings were arranged in an arc along a ridge to maximise views of the countryside. The buildings were not placed in a formal, systematic manner. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. The place demonstrates nineteenth-century principles of asylum design, as enunciated in its planning, landscaping, and building design. Baillie Henderson Hospital clearly demonstrates the principal characteristics of an asylum according to nineteenth- and early twentieth-century principles. The planning of the site and the design of buildings were based on well-established principles of asylum design, as enunciated in John Conolly's The Government and Construction of lunatic asylums (first published in 1847). Another important publication on asylum design was Thomas Kirkbride's On the Construction of Asylums (1861). A common theme in both publications was the emphasis on the systematic arrangement of wards and service buildings, and on the high level of order and discipline required to manage a large number of patients. The buildings erected at Baillie Henderson between 1888 and 1910 were arranged systematically and formally. Despite the demolition of two of the earlier wards and some service buildings, and the erection of new buildings, the symmetrical planning remains clearly evident. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. Baillie Henderson Hospital is significant for the architectural qualities of its buildings, particularly those erected between 1888 and 1919. The buildings include the Administration Building (1910), McDonald Hall (1888-1913), Jofre and Ray Houses (1888), Rush (1892) and Pinel (1891) Houses, Clouston House and the Museum (1902), Browne and Whishaw House (1917), James and Hill Houses (1915–17), Tredgold House (1919), the Medical Superintendent's residence (1888) and the Assistant Medical Officer's Quarters (1899). The hospital complex is also significant for the aesthetics of its setting as a tree-covered haven in a rural landscape with views afforded both from and to the site. Its mature plantings, including avenues of Bunya Pines, are contained within its grounds and gardens, along its principal driveways and pathways, and around its recreation oval, and contribute to the pleasant setting that was a principal characteristic of asylum planning in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history. The Hospital is important for its association with the work of Colonial Architect JJ Clark and the Architectural Branch of the Department of Public Works . Clark was responsible for the site planning and design of the first stage of hospital buildings. The period between 1900 and 1915 was arguably the golden era of the Branch in terms of the quality of its work. During this period, the second stage of hospital buildings was designed and constructed, and these works are significant examples of the work produced by the Works Department. It has added significance through its association with Dr HB Ellerton and his approach to treating insanity. Dr John Hector Baillie Henderson (1.7.1902 - 1981) became Assistant Medical Superintendent in 1939, then Medical Superintendent from 1950 to 1969; thus, his influence and service to the hospital spanned over thirty years. Dr Henderson was a Queenslander who studied at Queensland and Sydney Universities until 1929. He then worked in private practice until he joined the Queensland State Mental Health Service. Dr Henderson's service to the Toowoomba scene covered years of change in the mental health field throughout Australia. Locally, the name of Dr Baillie Henderson became such a legend for the good in change that the name of the hospital was changed to Baillie Henderson Hospital in his honour on 27th August, 1968. He received a further honour from the Queen when he was made a Commander of the British Empire in the New Year's Honours List 1969 "for his untiring and devoted service to the mentally ill". Notable people Notable staff include: Don Featherstone , first aid instructor and painting teacher 1885 Tracing of Original Portion Number 414 - Subdivisions 1 to 10 - County of Aubigny Parish of Drayton Reserved for Asylum (from General correspondence records - Includes plans for Proposed lunatic asylum Toowoomba, and Block plan new lunatic asylum Toowoomba) Click to view 1885 Proposed Lunatic Asylum at Toowoomba (from General correspondence records - Includes plans for Proposed lunatic asylum Toowoomba, and Block plan new lunatic asylum Toowoomba) Click to view 1886 Block Plan New Lunatic Asylum - Toowoomba (from General correspondence records - Includes plans for Proposed lunatic asylum Toowoomba, and Block plan new lunatic asylum Toowoomba) Click to view 1886 TOOWOOMBA - Lunatic Asylum - Architectural plan of the general and convalescent wards Click to view 1888 TOOWOOMBA - Lunatic Asylum - Architectural plan of the office, kitchen and administration buildings Click to view 1888 TOOWOOMBA - Lunatic Asylum - Perspective drawing Click to view 1891 Letter relating to the Industrial School for Girls, Toowoomba - Request to transfer Jane Leslie to Hospital for the Insane Click to view 1891 Letter relating to the Industrial School for Girls, Toowoomba - License for Mary O'Callaghan Click to view Click to view Click to view Click to view WROE, Harriet Jane - 1921 Notice of transfer Click to view Administration Building, Nicoll Avenue, Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba English, Charles 1990 - 2000 The construction of the Administration Building in 1910 completed the plan for the first stage of the Toowoomba Lunatic Asylum, which at this time accommodated more than 700 patients. The block is a two-storey brick masonry building with hipped corrugated iron roof and centred clock tower. Click to view Brick structure at rear of laundry, Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba English, Charles 1990-2000 This tall brick structure is located to the south-east rear of the laundry building. It may have been part of the original laundry that was demolished around 1971. Click to view Browne House, corner of Boyce Avenue and Service Lane 1, Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba English, Charles 1990 - 2000 Browne House was erected between 1917-1919 as one of a pair of male and female ward buildings providing additional accommodation for patients needing comparatively less supervision. The buildings were part of the second stage of development of the hospital complex during Dr H.B. Ellerton's period in office. The single storey annexe at the rear of Browne House has been replaced by a large two storey masonry addition constructed c1970 and another single storey semi detached masonry wing with skillion roof has been added to the western end of the north elevation. In 2024, the building is still in use as a medical facility. Click to view Browne House, corner of Boyce Avenue and Service Lane 1, Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba English, Charles 1990 - 2000 Browne House was erected between 1917-1919 as one of a pair of male and female ward buildings providing additional accommodation for patients needing comparatively less supervision. The buildings were part of the second stage of development of the hospital complex during Dr H.B. Ellerton's period in office. The single storey annexe at the rear of Browne House has been replaced by a large two storey masonry addition constructed c1970 and another single storey semi detached masonry wing with skillion roof has been added to the western end of the north elevation. In 2024, the building is still in use as a medical facility. Click to view Floral display at Baillie Henderson Hospital for 1964 Carnival of Flowers. Click to view Laundry, corner of Boyce Avenue and Service Road 2, Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba English, Charles 1990 - 2000 This is a utilitarian, two-storey building in the middle of the Baillie Henderson campus, situated opposite the sports club and oval. It was erected in 1968. Click to view

Female Patients' Recreation Area While male patients had spacious outdoor recreational amenities since at least 1895, most notably the cricket oval, no similar facilities existed for female patients. In keeping with gender stereotypes, the recreational opportunities provided for females were restricted to indoor 'domestic' type activities such as needlework. In 1946, Medical Superintendent Boyce proposed the construction of a special female recreation area. The rationale for such a facility was that it would provide 'a more congenial environment to assist patients towards recovery'. More pragmatically, an area where female patients could spend part of the day. Despite the completion of a new female block with accommodation for 60 residents, overcrowding was still a major problem. The need to fill almost every available space with beds, such as verandahs and corridors, resulted in an even more acute shortage of space for daytime activities. Only a limited number of patients could undertake needlework or work in the sewing rooms or laundry. The remainder were confined to sitting about in an extremely cramped environment. The Director of Mental Hygiene, Basil Stafford, endorsed the idea and, in March 1948, reported that the 'scarcity of a recreation area for a large number of female patients is a considerable handicap in the administration of this hospital'. An area of approximately 2.5 hectares on the western edge of the reserve, adjacent to the Brisbane River, was selected. Pm of the area occupied the site of the original male wards, and ironically, a portion comprised a low-lying area that was originally designated in the 1860s to be laid out as pleasure grounds. Construction of facilities and landscaping commenced in 1951. The principal building within the area was the cafeteria with facilities to serve 500 patients. This building enabled patients to spend much of the day in the area without the need for returning to the ward for midday meals. The building was also used for occupational therapy. Other buildings included a sewing room, storage sheds and viewing shelters. A tennis court and bowling green were constructed, and the lower area levelled to form a large playing field. A landscaping scheme was devised by M Rose, the Acting Superintendent of Institutional Gardens. Existing trees (including several dating back to the 1860s) and shrubs were incorporated into a scheme that included native species such as silver wattles, Brisbane Golden Wattle, and Bauhinias, as well as exotics like Jacaranda and Poinciana regia. A row of palms was planted adjacent to the six-foot-high wire fence along the lower playing field. The grounds were developed by the staff and inmate labour. The Female Patients Recreation Area comprises buildings (a Cafeteria, Bowling Green, Change Room and Stores Shed) laid out along a curved ridge that forms a natural amphitheatre around former playing fields on the lower terrace at the edge of the Brisbane River. A further building (Packing Shed and Patients Shelter) stands southwest of the others. It overlooks the south-sloping ground, historically used for vegetable cultivation. Developed on the site of the former Simpson Residence (1843-44) and the subsequent Early Asylum Site (former Woogaroo Insane Asylum, established 1865, demolished 1890-93 floods), the area now forms part of the Wolston Park Golf Club course (1970s), which contributes to the spacious open grounds and landscape setting of the hospital complex. The work on the buildings and grounds was completed by 1954 and immediately utilised daily. In his Annual Report for 1955, Medical Superintendent Boyce reported the success of the female recreation area and, in particular, the cafeteria. By 1957, more than 200 patients were regularly using the facilities. They enjoyed 'the picnic atmosphere' of the grounds, where they were served a midday meal, and participated in a variety of sports and handcrafts in the occupational therapy centre. The area to the rear of the Riverside ballroom was farmed until at least the 1950s. 24 June 1961 Click to view Croquet being played by a nurse in the late 1950s. Click to view Bowling Green in the 1950s Click to view Bowling Green & Croquet areas in the 1955 Click to view 1987 aerial overhead Click to view Looking across Woogaroo Creek from Brisbane Terrace towards the now Golf Club and former asylum site were once this land was farming. Click to view Former bowling green Click to view Former sports field Click to view A former patient's chair remains at the former recreation area today Click to view The Visual Connection Click to view

Female Bathroom Block Built-in 1902 The brick building was built in 1902 as a female bathroom. A similar structure was erected for male patients. It comprised two dressing rooms, 30 feet by 20 feet and a bathroom, 15 feet by 30 feet, with two baths and 10 showers. The walls were lined to a height of 6 ft with opalite tiling. In 1935, the building was converted to a workroom for fancy needlework and allied occupations for the female patients. By 1955, the building was converted for use as a convalescent and final rehabilitation ward for women. This small 12-bed ward was an open ward with no nursing staff. Patients looked after their own domestic affairs and cooked their own meals. This ward allowed comparative freedom for voluntary and self-reliant patients and was designed to prepare patients for their return home. In 2020, it was used for archive storage. In 2024, the wooden extension was demolished due to significant wood rot. Chronology: 1902: constructed as a female bathhouse 1935: converted to sewing rooms 1955: converted to a convalescent ward for women 1960: lean to addition to the western end 1994: converted to sewing/mending facility Night rear Click to view Side entrance Click to view Side front entrance extension prior to demolishment Click to view Side front entrance extension prior to demolishment Click to view Front doors extension prior to demolishment Click to view Day shot of extension prior to demolishment Click to view 2024 extension demolished Click to view 2024 extension demolished Click to view 2024 extension demolished Click to view 2024 extension demolished new door and pathway Click to view Window and light fixture Click to view Old retaining wall Click to view Old stairs Click to view Today with recreation hall behind it Click to view

Basil Stafford Centre This complex was erected between 1953 and 1958 as a new farm ward complex. It is a one and two-storey brick building with four distinct sections. The complex was built to replace the old farm wards. Plans were prepared in 1949 by N Thomas in the Architectural Branch of the Public Works.55 Initially, the site of the existing farm ward was chosen, but a new site approximately 500m south was selected. Construction commenced in 195,3, and the first stage (Ward A) was completed by 1956, and the remaining stages (Ward B, dining hall room and recreation hall) were finished in 1958. Ward A, a single-storey brick building, comprised five wards with fifteen, eleven, ten, eight and six beds respectively, and eight single-bed wards, providing a total of fifty-eight beds. Ward B was partly two-storey and provided 64 beds. The lower ground floor provided a recreation shelter, stores, lavatories and drying and laundry facilities. The central block contained a dining room, a kitchen, a servery and stores with verandahs on two sides. In all wards, the internal walls were cement rendered with terrazzo panels, and the ceiling was fibro cement and fibrous plaster. The grounds were landscaped with open terraces, which were paved with stone. It accommodated principally males with mental deficiency who did not require a high degree of supervision or treatment. The complex comprised two wings with ward accommodation and a central dining/recreation wing. The planning was not innovative or unusual, and the building has been altered internally and a new roof added. The complex was gradually occupied by children and adolescents. Chronolgy 1953: Ward A completed 1954: erection of dining and recreation block, block B, 1966: erection of school building 1968: fire safety upgrading 1969: alterations and covered area 1976: villas erected 1976: dining and recreation block- alterations for administration 1978: covered areas are erected between block A and the administration, 1980, ward A-bathrooms upgraded 1983: renovations to the main building Farm Ward Building and Grounds (1954-6) The Farm Ward Building is a highly intact sprawling face brick building positioned on the crown of a hill, which is the highest part of the hospital complex site and from all sides of the building are extensive views out to the surrounding landscape. Purpose-built in three successive stages as male wards for incarcerated patients, it expresses its original use through architectural details and features designed for incarcerated patient management, including efficient and logical room layouts, high levels of natural light and ventilation to the interior, provision of communal ablutions, patient wards of dormitories and single rooms, and security and observation of occupants. In 2020, the building is vacant, and most of the later fabric had been removed. School Building for Child Patients with Intellectual Disabilities (1967) and Swimming Pool (c1973) The School Building for Child Patients with Intellectual Disabilities is a highly intact, face-brick building comprising four connected wings surrounding a grassed courtyard. Purpose-built as a school and training centre for children of the adjacent hospital ward building, the school building expresses its original use through architectural details and features designed for child patients with intellectual disabilities, including efficient and logical room layouts, high levels of natural light and ventilation to the interior, increased provision of toilets, and high levels of security and safety of occupants. In 2020, it was used as an office building. The Swimming Pool (c1973) Located adjacent to the school building on its west side. It is a concrete in-ground shell with a rectangular pool of lap lanes connected by a narrow swimming channel to a smaller rectangular wading pool. A wide concrete apron surrounds it, and a small face brick kiosk with a flat roof stands at the north corner of the apron. Later additions to the pool include pool sheds, stands, shade structures, and a tall brick fence, none of which are of state-level cultural heritage significance. Villas (c1978) The Villas (c1978) comprise two adjacent groups of buildings in bushland at the eastern part of the Basil Stafford Centre area, along Aveyron Road. Built as patient accommodation of a more suburban domestic nature in 2020, the small buildings continue in this use but have had their interiors replaced to meet modern patient care standards. The building’s interiors are not of state-level cultural heritage significance, nor are the non-original external alterations and additions, such as tall fences and courtyards. Cabinet Inquiry - Future Options for the People with Intellectual Disabilities Residing at the BSC Archival record photographs of the former Basil Stafford Centre at Wacol, 2009 Under construction in 1953 Click to view 1961 Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Complex today Click to view Click to view Basil Stafford Centre Helicopter Crash 2001 The pilot of an Enstrom 280C helicopter was scheduled to conduct approximately 30 joy flights during the afternoon. Each flight was planned to last for about 3 minutes and carry two passengers. The flights commenced at approximately 1330 Eastern Standard Time and were to be finished by last light, which was 1758. The aircraft was refuelled twice during the afternoon, with the helicopter shut down and fuel transferred from jerrycans. The second refuelling was completed at about 1745. Passengers then boarded the helicopter for the twenty-seventh flight of the afternoon. Witnesses reported that the transition from hover to forward flight appeared normal, after which they ceased monitoring the aircraft. A short time later, they heard an impact. The helicopter had struck a tree before impacting the ground. The occupants were not injured. The pilot reported that the helicopter's engine did not appear to reach full power during the transition and climb, and that he deliberately did not correct a minor out-of-balance condition to avoid overpitching the rotor. He determined that sufficient engine power was available to clear the trees and continue the flight. The area beyond the trees was clear, so that if a problem occurred after he removed the trees, he could have allowed the helicopter to descend to gain performance and continue the flight. The pilot reported that the engine turbo-overboost light did not illuminate, unlike during previous departures. The air temperature was approximately 28 °C. Witnesses reported that the wind at ground level had been calm during the day. The pilot reported that approximately 20 minutes before the accident, Archerfield Tower, located about 8 kilometres east of the accident site, reported a surface wind of 12 knots from the east. Throughout the afternoon, the movement of the tree tops had indicated a steady wind. However, the pilot said that he did not have an opportunity immediately before the takeoff to confirm the wind strength. The pilot held a Commercial Pilot (Helicopter) Licence and had accumulated 200 hours total flying experience and 130 hours on the Enstrom. A comprehensive examination of the engine revealed no evidence that it would have prevented regular operation. In line with normal diurnal wind variations, it is possible that the wind was beginning to die at the time of the accident (dusk). Because of the added fuel, the helicopter's all-up weight was higher than for the previous takeoff. Either of these changes, or both combined, would have increased the power required for the helicopter to maintain the previously flown departure profile. The pilot would have needed to adjust the departure path or transition technique to account for the reduced available performance. The investigation was unable to determine if maximum engine power had been achieved. Because no fault was found in the engine, it was likely that the departure path or transition technique had not been sufficiently adjusted to account for the changed conditions. The pilot's limited experience and the repetitive nature of the flight may also have been factors in the accident.